Effects Of Cultural Barriers On Reporting - 1166 Words

. Effects of Cultural Barriers on Reporting It’s very difficult for any women to make the terrifying decision to leave their abuser, however, research suggests that this decision can be even more difficult for a Latina woman to make. This is especially true if she holds to the traditional ideals of familismo and marianismo, which encourage a wife’s duty to her family and reinforce her submissive role in the relationship. The Latino cultural ideal of familismo decreases the likelihood that a Latina women will report instances of IPV, because the tradition teaches women to place the needs of their children and family over their needs as an individual. Latina women suffering domestic violence abuse can end up feeling as though they have to†¦show more content†¦Need some wrap up here III. Legal Barriers the Effects on Reporting Need some kind of intro/roadmap to the legal section here A. Difficulties with Police Officers i. Overall Ineffective Danis describes police officers as, â€Å"the gatekeepers to the criminal justice system.† They play an integral part in ensuring that domestic violence victims receive the help they need. Vidales argues that police officers can sometimes be seen as having a â€Å"casual attitude† towards domestic violence complaints, which can have a disproportionately negative effect on the poor and minority women who depend on them. Arrests for domestic violence in predominantly immigrant communities are less common than in non-immigrant communities. In one study conducted by Ammar, it was reported that a number of officers didn’t adhere to mandatory procedures, and many felt that the officers’ response was not effective. Immigrant victims of domestic violence are more likely to be arrested for acting violently in self-defense, because they are more vulnerable to police bias. ii. The Effect of Police Bias Unfortunately, it has been found that police officers can succumb to cultural bias when responding to reports of domestic violence against immigrants. Cultural traditions such as those mentioned above can lead officers to see certain cultures asShow MoreRelatedImmigration Has Been A Significant Part Of Canada1581 Words   |  7 Pagesone is the language barrier, one of the factors that causes social exclusion, which blocks immigrants from making connection with local people and having the equal treatment of illness as local people do. This paper is going through comparing data of immigrants’ health status with native-born people to find out the relationship between immigrants experience and health and well-being. Two susceptible age groups are being discussed and females are also an emphasis. 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God as Trinity for Christian Life and Ministry

Question: Write an essay on The significance of belief in God as Trinity for Christian life and ministry. Answer: Introduction This paper deals with the consideration of the topic, The significance of belief in God as Trinity for Christian life and ministry. The Trinity can be referred as the communion of three persons, the three centers of consciousness existing in union with one another and is independent of one another. In Christianity, God is believed to be reveled in therere ways i.e., God as the Father, God as the Son and God as the Holy Spirit. Despite the three forms of God as He revels Himself in front of us, yet remains one God. Christianity and Christians have faith in believing in one God as they are the believer in monotheists. This belief in God as 'Trinity can be referred to as the distinctive feature which marks a real difference from other religions like Judaism and Islam. Each of the communions is essential for the life of the others as well as life of the Trinity. The persons in the Trinity are bound to one another in agape love and thus, making them more concerned for one another (Simkins et al 2016). Small group of activity Someone wants to know about the Trinity. How to make the group understand the importance of believing in God as Trinity? What symbols of Trinity to be used for better understanding of its importance? Make the groups get a deep knowledge about the Trinity and let them provide feedback to the others as well. Meaning of the Trinity in the Bible The story of the baptism of Lord Jesus is often regarded as the involvement of all the three individuals related to the Trinity which can be found in the gospels (Mathew 4, Luke 4, Mark 1, and John 1). Matthew (28:19) depicts Lord Jesus to be commanding His disciples to baptize in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. These are the baptismal words that is still continued to be used when the individuals are being baptized today. In Corinthians (13:14), St. Paul dedicated his letter to the Christians at Corinth with the grace of Lord Jesus, the fellowship of the Holy Spirit and the love of God. These words are still being used by many Christians at present which are also known as the Grace different form of the grace word as used during meal (Schreiner 2013). Plenary discussion Ensure the symbols of the Trinity to support the understanding rather than ending within the individuals. The experiences of the conversation would vary according to the individual history, historical situation and culture. But the Nicene Creed would stand as the theological norm that would help in testing the genuineness of the conversation. Trinity is related to God and hence, beyond the undertaking of common people. Though, teaching and explaining about the Trinity would be like trying to empty an ocean with a cup, encouraging to talk about the Trinity would be like connecting to God Himself. Discussion Invite the group in order to share their respective experiences of conversation and make them compare with the discussion as mentioned in the Nicene Creed. Though the Bible does not teach explicitly about the doctrine of the Holy Trinity, it is rather assumed as found in the gospels (Mathew 4, Luke 4, Mark 1, John 1),. Encourage big questions even if unable to deal with surprising questions like Where had been Lord Jesus, the Son when God created the world? Encourage God talk throughout the curriculum including the isometric patterns, mini beats, talk of the Trinity and the creator. Not to suggest God to be separable into parts. Do not allow the symbols to resemble there thinking that God is inanimate or as a triangle. Open discussions even if uncertain about ones own knowledge. Ask the individual to read the Nicene Creed and identify the meaning of the Trinity. Talk about the Christian idea about the Trinity. Nicene Creed The Council of Nicaea (325 AD) has defined the belief in the statement of the faith in the Trinity which is still repeated by most of the Christians at present (Koenig and Al Shohaib 2014) According to the Creed: God is the creator. He is regarded as the Father, the almighty who is the maker of earth and heaven. In Christianity, Lord Jesus has been considered both divine and human. The Christians believe that Lord Jesus incardinated as a human on the earth to experience the daily lives and sufferings of common people. Thus, Lord Jesus is referred to as the Son of God by the Christians. Christians assume that the Holy Spirit is the power of God which the common people experience in their daily lives. Thus, they refer to God as the Holy Spirit who is the giver of life. Question for discussion What is the significance of the Nicene Creed? What is the significance of the Trinity? What do they teach about Trinity? Describe the characteristics of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit (Hyde 2014). Belief in God Belief is having faith in God which had two elements: Being convinced of the truth. Believing in seizing the truth. Believing is not exactly the same as faith. For the belief to be faith, it must believe in what is certainly true. The scriptures give various examples stating that belief in God is alone required for there is no time to wait for the evidence collection to wait for the certainty. As for example, Peter walking on the water as depicted by God, does not require any evidence to trust, as God wants us to just believe in Him. Thus, our belief turns into trust in the moments of our weaknesses which is what makes us strong. Mat (24:4-5; NIV): As told by Lord Jesus, Watch out that no one deceives you. For many will come in my name, claiming them to be the Christ. Jesus further confirms, I am the Christ and will deceive many. John (20: 25 28; NIV): Jesus is seen to be telling Thomas, one of his disciples, Put your finger here and see my hands. Lord tells him to reach his hands and put it into the Lords side. He also tells him to stop doubting and believe in Him. Jesus further says, because you have seen me, you have believed. Those are blessed who have not seen me and still have believed. John (20: 31; NIV) depicts that we should believe in Jesus as the Christ, who is the Son of God. It also depict that just by believing in Him may put life in His name. New Age belief Eze (13:6; NIV): Belief is detached from truth and is not faith. Thus, believing in what is not related to God is not true. Believing in the word of our own imagination or even the word of Satan is a pure deception. Calling this deception as faith does not make it one. Rom (4:16; Phi): The whole thing is matter of faith and belief on the man's part and generosity on God. He gives the security of His promise to all men who believe in Him. Question for discussion: What is the nature of the belief in God as Trinity? Ask questions about the Faith and belief. Ensure that the group is able to identify the difference between belief and deception. Encourage big questions even if unable to deal with surprising questions like Where had been Lord Jesus, the Son when God created the world? Encourage God talk throughout the curriculum including the isometric patterns, mini beats, talk of the Trinity and the creator (Reamer 2013). Baptism Questions for discussion In the New Testament, all the Christians are required to be baptized. Vital part to connect with the God in Acts (as mentioned in 10 of 14 passages) Baptism is considered to be a part of the Great Commission which helps in commanding the baptism but does not mention about the belief and faith (Matthew 28.19 20). In New Treatment, Christianity is the part of believing in God and baptism is the part of being deducted towards Him. These result in creating two aspects of differences in the opinions: Protestants teach us to become Christians by faith and belief. Catholics teach us to become Christians by baptism. From the point of view of the Catholics, baptism is referred to as the sacrament that conveys grace to people without any requirements of having belief and faith in the participants. There is no such dichotomy as evident in the New Testament (Argyle and Beit-Hallahmi 2014). The legacy of Christendom depicts that we are being exposed to many baptized individuals who are non believers in God i.e., people who got baptized as babies but have no exposure to the Christian faith and belief. It is important to have a visible response on the outside in response to the gospel (including baptism) and not as a substitute of inner visible response but as a confirmation of faith and belief of it within an individual. Small group activity Ask simple question about the baptism creed. Ask questions about the Trinity. Ask questions about the statements and promises of the belief. Act out the baptism with the Trinitarian words while pouring water. Make sure to understand the meaning of the Trinity symbol and word related to the Baptism while hanging a banner beside the front of the church. Ask the group to discuss about the plenary questions and provide feedback to others. Receiving Holy Spirit (Acts 1.38, 19, 5-6): occasion for Spirit baptism. Read Migliore (2004:282): Baptism marks the beginning of the journey of belief and discipleship lasting through the life of an individual (Yadon 2014). Holy spirit Higton (2008: 142): The Church is presented in the Acts as the community of those on whom the Spirit has been poured onto the hands of Lord Jesus. This initiation is presented by the receiving of the Holy Spirit in the name of Lord Jesus (Quash 2014). Discussed in 7 out of the 14 passages of the Acts (8.14- 17: 19.1- 7). Receiving the Spirit at the time of baptism (Rom 8.9). In Acts, the Sprit is expected to come before baptism (10.44: 11.15) or after the baptism (2.38). Matthew (1: 18): Now the birth of Jesus Christ took place in this way. Mother Mary was found to be with child form the Holy Spirit. John (14:26): But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, who will be sent by the Father, will teach you all the things. In this example, there has been evidence that the Holy Spirit is a Person who is being identified as the Helper. Acts (1:8): You will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. Here, Lord Jesus has been named by the pronoun the Holy Spirit as He is there source of the power. This, he would be giving the very power of God to the apostle which would come upon those who believe in there Son of God. Matthew (28: 19): Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, of the Son and the Holy Spirit. This context did not mention about the water baptism but a spiritual one rather. Lord Jesus is commanding to go make disciples in all nations and baptize them into the name of all Three Persons identified as the Trinity. Discussion question: What do you mean by Holy Spirit? How do HHhh How do you relate it with the Trinity? What is the significance of the Trinity of God? Act out the baptism with the Trinitarian words while pouring water Receiving Hoy Spirit (Acts 1.38, 19, 5-6): occasion for Spirit baptism. Conclusion All the Three Persons of the Trinity of God has been identified. Identified the steps influencing the belief of the individuals related to the Trinity of God. Identified the belief of the people in the Trinity of God through the conversation and discussions. Looked at the steps involved with the awareness of the significance of the Trinity of God in the individuals. Identified various steps to understand the significance of believing God as Trinity for Christian life. References Argyle, M. and Beit-Hallahmi, B., 2014. The psychology of religious behaviour, belief and experience. Routledge. Bates, M.W., 2015. The Birth of the Trinity: Jesus, God, and Spirit in New Testament and Early Christian Interpretations of the Old Testament. OUP Oxford. Bullis, R.K., 2013. Spirituality in social work practice. Taylor Francis. Hyde, M.R., 2014. Exploring the Nicene Creed. Lulu. com. Knott, K., 2015. The location of religion: A spatial analysis. Routledge. Koenig, H.G. and Al Shohaib, S., 2014. Christian Beliefs, Practices, and Values. In Health and Well-Being in Islamic Societies (pp. 57-80). Springer International Publishing. Maxwell, J.C. ed., 2014. NIV, The Maxwell Leadership Bible, eBook. Thomas Nelson Inc. McGoldrick, M., Preto, N.A.G. and Carter, B.A., 2015. The Expanding Family Life Cycle: Individual, Family, and Social Perspectives. Pearson. Pargament, K.I. and Lomax, J.W., 2013. Understanding and addressing religion among people with mental illness. World Psychiatry, 12(1), pp.26-32. Quash, B., 2014. Found Theology: History, Imagination and the Holy Spirit. AC Black. Reamer, F.G., 2013. Social work values and ethics. Columbia University Press. Schreiner, T.R., 2013. The king in his beauty: a biblical theology of the Old and New Testaments. Baker Books. Simkins, R.A., Cameron, M.G., O'Keefe, J.J. and Harmless, W.S., 2016. Bibliographies for Theology: New Testament: The Gospels. Yadon, J., 2014. The Emergence of Believer's Baptism as a Political Event. Young, C.S. and Young, J.S., 2014. Integrating spirituality and religion into counseling: A guide to competent practice. John Wiley Sons.

What has been the impact of technological change on workers

Introduction In the recent years, much focus has been directed at the impact of technological change on the workforce. Such technological change or innovations include industrial robots, CAD (Computer Assisted Design), manufacturing systems that are very flexible, CAM (Computer Assisted Manufacturing), and communication systems that are highly advanced to mention but a few.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What has been the impact of technological change on workers? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These technologies often sell-out in low cost and yet powerful microelectronics devices capable of increasing productivity both in industrial production as well as office tasks. The appeal of such technologies is widespread and is being used throughout the universe (Caselli, 1999, p. 102). Even so, there are differing views about the implications of technological change in regard to employment. A number of analysts are of the opinion that there is an unprecedented acceleration in the pace of technological change. This rapid change according to some experts has culminated to loss of jobs for thousands of workers both in offices and plants, especially the introduction of innovations that are geared towards laborsaving. There is a consensus among these experts that the recent technological changes represent a sharp contrast from changes that took place in the past, adding that there is an urgent need to design measures for purposes of upholding job security. Other analysts, on the other hand, emphasize that there are numerous benefits that are brought about by technological change to all groups within the general public (Katz Murphy, 1992, p. 35). To them, changes are not revolutionary but rather they are more evolutionary in nature and as such technological change and technology in general generate more jobs contrary to beliefs that technology reduces job opportunities. It is without a doubt that t echnology and technological advancement have had the most profound consequence particularly on varying the duties and responsibilities that human beings perform in their professions. There has been a long speculation by economist on how technological changed affects both the relative demand for various types of labor force as well as the total demand for labor force in general. It has become a consensus among economist and commentators in the recent years that the demand for labor has been greatly affected by technological changes. Such technical change has resulted in a decrease in the demand for unskilled and less-skilled labor, and an increase in the demand for skilled labor. Consequently, future prospects of employment opportunities for the less skilled labor force are buried (Levy Murnane, 2003, p.43).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is worth noting that there is a general consensus among commentators regarding the current technological changes that such changes has opened up better possibilities for the future. As a matter of fact, the change in technology especially at workplaces has increased productivity which in turn has added enormous value to various states. Even though technological changes have brought with it numerous benefits and value to different states, such value has been achieved at a cost. Discussion It is worth noting from the onset that evaluating the impact of technological change is very multifaceted. This may be so since changes in technology are affected by, and interact with, patterns of consumption, international competition, changes in output, and other aspects. What is clear however, is the fact that there exist a relationship between technological change and employment. In many industries, the pace of introducing technological change seems to be accelerating. These industries are introducing new technologies in an e ffort to modernize their methods of production not only for purposes of enabling them to compete favorably in the local and international market, but also to reduce their costs of production. The study shows that technologies such as industrial robots, CAD (Computer Assisted Design), manufacturing systems that are very flexible, CAM (Computer Assisted Manufacturing), and communication systems that are highly advanced are extensively being introduced in industries such as banking, metal working, motor vehicle and steel industry a move that has tremendously increased their productivity (Katz Murphy, 1992, p. 44). There are generally few employees who have lost their jobs because of changes in technology. Some experts postulate that when the economy is strong, the introduction of new technology or technological change can be very consistent with minimal displacement of workers and high levels of employment (Goos Manning, 2003, p. 22). Moreover, most industries generally spend on new technology when there is a considerable growth in employment and economic expansion. Supporting this view, Card and Lemieux, (2001, p. 13), postulate that in the 1950’s when computers were introduced in the United States for purposes of office data applications, there were predictions by some experts that a huge number of kindred and clerical workers were likely to lose their jobs, and that other job opportunities would be curtailed by such an introduction. Nevertheless, there has been an increase in the employment of clerical workers over the past few decades. In fact, over the last decade the growth in employment opportunities within the economy of the United States there was a rapid growth clerical work in both relative as well as absolute terms.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What has been the impact of technological change on workers? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It goes without saying that the introduction of new technologies such as microcomputers makes it possible to perform tasks that were previously impractical in the sense that such tasks were time consuming and too costly to perform. Technological change allows workers particularly those performing the management function to prepare analysis and reports that in the past would have been very expensive. Thus the introduction of new technology increased the range of activities for different industries and players in the economy, creating numerous opportunities for employment. In addition, new job opportunities emerged because of the introduction of new technologies such as microcomputers. Such occupations include among others; programmer, tape librarian, keypunch operator, systems analyst, and console operator. Computer industries were set up to produce more computers not to mention the other industries that were set up to produce related equipments. All these industries generated employment opportunities for many work ers in different areas. Analysts of technological change are of the view that there is a need for industries and firms to institute viable strategies to train their employees to enable them embrace new technologies whenever they are introduced. In the words of Berman (1998, p. 1246), technological change also brings about increased productivity and boost efficiency in different activities that workers undertake. Undeniably, technological changes have a positive impact on the growth in productivity of a given industry. This is because with new technology such as CAM, CAD, robots, and other advanced technologies are capable of reducing the unit of labor required for production. There is a change in the structure of occupations due to the new technologies. The groups that are increasing in importance because of technological change include: computer systems analysts, and programmers, technical and Professional workers, to mention but a few. In addition, technological change is also mod ifying the content of jobs. There seems to be an agreement among economist in the recent years that the impact of technology has had a positive influence in terms of the increase in the total demand for the labor force. In the argument postulated by Acemoglu (2000, p. 52) this is explained by the fact that there has been a massive increase in the real wages of workers and no distinct trends in the rates of unemployment have been directly linked to technological changes over time.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nonetheless, it is pertinent to mention that whenever changes take place, there are those who are favored by such changes and those who suffer as a consequence. Technological change is no different from other changes and as such there are those who lose their jobs and others who are favored by such changes. Those who suffer out of the changes are often given more attention and sympathized with than the beneficiaries of technological change. A good example to illustrate the foregoing argument of technological change can be found in the introduction of the mechanical loom which came to being at the begging of the nineteenth century. The introduction of mechanical looms brought about a tremendous increase in the output in weaving. Consequently, increasing by far the output that could have been produced manually by a weaver and the cost of clothing reduced. According to Johnson (1997, p. 44), the lower cost of clothing further resulted in a rise in the demand for clothing; nonetheless, this demand for clothing was not sufficient for purposes of retaining all weaving jobs that were previously in existence. As a result, there was a striking decrease in the job opportunities for weavers, particularly amongst those weavers who did not embrace the new technology and continued with their traditional handloom. Most of those weavers who lost their employment owing to the introduction of mechanical looms lost their source of income and poverty became rampant amongst them. The hand- loom weavers therefore, became the most visible losers in regard to the introduction of the mechanical loom technology and their misfortune was associated with the new technology. But the beneficiaries of the introduced technology were harder to spot. The decrease in the cost of producing cloths led to a reduced price on clothing and as such, a majority of people had an extra coin to spend on other things apart from clothing, increasing job opportunities geared towards the production of those ot her goods and services (Jerome, 1997, p. 28). According to Goos Manning, (2003, p. 18) the cost of technological changes is the loss of jobs. Technological changes that are geared towards labor saving have eliminated jobs opportunities and are continuing to decrease employment opportunities in the job sector as a whole. The accelerated technological change is therefore perceived by a number of commentators as a move towards an eventual elimination of job opportunities in the job sector (Goos Manning, 2003, p. 24). In his argument, Hecker (2004) warns that, with the current state of technological advancement, the market place will fall short of adequate work opportunities for purposes of keeping the population engaged. Perhaps one of the renowned proponents of the fact that technological changes reduce the general demand for workforce is Karl Marx. In his argument, Marx, 1965, postulated that there is a very big possibility of a double fall in wages during the process of developmen t. The first fall in wage according to him is relative and in proportion to the general wealth development; secondly, the fall in wage is also absolute following the fact that the quantity of commodities received by the workers in exchange continues to reduce (Krueger, 1993, p. 36). The link between technological change and wage inequality among workers has raised concerns among labor economist. The study shows that technological change has contributed greatly in the wage inequality in the labor market particularly the development or introduction of microcomputers in the labor market (Berman, 1998, p. 1258). Confirming this fact Kutz (1999, p. 43) postulate that in the early 1980s there was an increase in the wage inequality which was as a result of the invention of microcomputers just a few years earlier. It has also been suggested that another factor that can explain wage inequality as a result of technological change is the fact that unlike less-skilled workers, the highly skille d workers are more likely to make the most of computers at their jobs (Hounshell, 1994, p. 23). Basing on the aforementioned facts most of the literature regarding wage inequality seem to unanimously concur in the fact that following the invention and eventual introduction of new technology especially microcomputers, led to a relative increase in the demand for workers who were highly skilled. Consequently, there was a dramatic increase in the earning inequalities. Needless to say, this hypothesis that the introduction of new technological change brings about an increase in the demand for workers who are highly skilled, which in turn culminate to an increase in the wage disparity has often been referred to as the SBTC (Skill-Biased Technical Change) hypothesis (Berman, 1998, p. 1256). Conclusion Indeed, there are a number of benefits that technological change has on workers. From the foregoing discussion, the benefits of technological change outweigh the costs that that accrue. Some of the technological changes that have been witnessed in the past few years include among others CAM (Computer Assisted Manufacturing), industrial robots, CAD (Computer Assisted Design), communication systems that are highly advanced and manufacturing systems that are very flexible. Some experts postulate that there are a number of benefits that are brought about by technological change to all groups within the general public. To them changes are not revolutionary but rather they are more evolutionary in nature and as such technological change and technology in general generate more jobs contrary to beliefs that technology reduces job opportunities Critics of technological change on the other hand urge that technological change has instead lead to loss of jobs for thousands of workers both in offices and plants, especially the introduction of innovations that are geared towards laborsaving. Some of the benefits of technological change include among others to enable workers particul arly those performing the management function to prepare analysis and reports that in the past would have been very expensive. It has also been suggested that when the economy is strong, the introduction of new technology or technological change can be very consistent with minimal displacement of workers and high levels of employment. Moreover, most industries generally spend on new technology when there is a considerable growth in employment and economic expansion (Brenham, 1999, p. 330). It is worth noting that there is a general consensus among commentators regarding the current technological changes that such changes has opened up better possibilities for the future. As a matter of fact, the change in technology especially at workplaces has increased productivity which in turn has added enormous value to various industries. Introduction of new technologies such as microcomputers makes it possible to perform tasks that were previously impractical in the sense that such tasks were time consuming and too costly to perform (Wolff, 1996, p. 34). In addition, new job opportunities are likely to emerge because of the introduction of new technologies such as microcomputers. Such occupations include among others; programmer, tape librarian, a keypunch operator, systems analyst, and console operator. Thus the introduction of new technology increases the range of activities for different industries and players in the economy, creating numerous opportunities for employment. In addition the impact of technology has had a positive influence in terms of an increase in the total demand for labor force (Bresnahan, 1999, p. 392). Critics of technological change, however, argue that technological change has contributed greatly in the wage inequality in the labor market particularly the introduction of microcomputers in the labor market. The accelerated technological change is therefore perceived by a number of commentators as a move towards an eventual elimination of job opp ortunities in the job sector. Other critics have even warned that, with the current state of technological advancement, the market place will fall short of adequate work opportunities for purposes of keeping the population occupied. To a greater extent therefore, technological change has brought more benefits to workers which outweighs the cost. References Acemoglu, D. (2000). Technical Change, Inequality, and the Labor Market. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Berman, E. (1998). Implications of Skill-Biased Technological Change: International Evidence. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113 (3), 1245 – 1279. Bresnahan, T. (1999). Computerization and Wage Dispersion: An Analytical Reinterpretation. Economic Journal, 109 (1), 390 – 415. Caselli, F. (1999). Technological Revolutions. American Economic Review, 89 (1), 78 – 102. Goos, M. Manning, A. (2003). Lousy and Lovely Jobs: the Rising Polarization of Work in Britain. London: John Wiley Sons. Hounshell, D. (1994). From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Jerome, M. (1997). Technological Change and Employment: Some Results from BLS Research. Monthly Labor Review, 110 (4), 26–29. Johnson, G. (1997). Changes in Earnings Inequality: The Role of Demand Shifts. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11 (6), 41 – 54. Katz, L. Murphy, K. (1992). Changes in Relative Wages, 1963- 1987 – Supply and Demand Factors. Quarterly Journal of Economics, February, 107 (1), 35–78. Krueger, A. (1993). How Computers Have Changed the Wage Structure: Evidence from Micro Data. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108 (1), 33 – 60. Levy, F. Murnane, R. (2003). The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change: An Empirical Exploration. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118 (4), 1279-1334. Wolff, E. (1996). The Growth of Information Workers in the U.S. Economy, 1 950-1990: The Role of Technological Change, Computerization, and Structural Change,† C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics. New York: New York University press. This essay on What has been the impact of technological change on workers? was written and submitted by user Liberty Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Barracuda Facts

Barracuda Facts The barracuda (Sphyraenidae spp) is sometimes portrayed as an ocean menace, but does it deserve such a reputation? This common fish found in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans as well as the Caribbean and Red seas, has threatening teeth and a habit of approaching swimmers, but its not the danger you might think. Fast Facts: Barracuda Scientific Name: SphyraenidaeCommon Name: BarracudaBasic Animal Group: FishSize: 20 inches to 6 feet or moreWeight: Up to 110 poundsLifespan: Varies by species; giant barracudas live up to 14 yearsSpeed: Up to 35 miles per hourDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat: Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, Caribbean and Red SeasPopulation: UnknownConservation Status: Not Evaluated Description Even if youre new to  fish identification, youll quickly learn to recognize the barracudas distinctive look. The fish has a long, slender body that is tapered at the ends and thicker in the middle. The head is somewhat flattened on top and pointed in front, and the lower jaw projects forward menacingly. Its two dorsal fins are far apart, and its pectoral fins are positioned low on the body. Most species are dark on top, with silver sides and a clear lateral line that extends from the head to the tail on each side. The barracudas caudal fin is slightly forked ​and curved on the trailing edge. Smaller barracuda species may max out at 20 inches in length, but the larger species can achieve a startling 6 feet or longer in size. Is there anything more unnerving than being approached by a fearless fish with a mouth full of razor-sharp teeth? Barracuda have big mouths, with long jaws and a characteristic under-bite. They also have a lot of teeth. In fact, barracuda have two rows of teeth: an outer row of small but sharp teeth for tearing flesh apart, and an inner row of long, dagger-like teeth to firmly grasp its prey. A few of the barracudas teeth point backward, as an extra aid for securing squirming fish. Smaller fish are mercifully swallowed whole, but larger fish are efficiently chopped to pieces in the hungry barracudas jaws. A barracuda can open its mouth wide enough to snatch just about any fish it encounters, from a tiny killifish to a chunky grouper. Image Source/Getty Images Species The name barracuda doesnt apply to one specific fish, but rather an entire family. The Sphyraenidae is the group of fish known collectively as barracuda. The species most people picture when thinking of a barracuda is probably the great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), a commonly encountered fish. But the worlds oceans are full of all kinds of barracuda, including the pickhandle barracuda, the sawtooth barracuda, and the sharpfin barracuda. Some species are named for the area where they are found, like the Guinean barracuda, the Mexican barracuda, the Japanese barracuda, and the European barracuda. Habitat and Range Most species of barracuda live in near-shore habitats, such as seagrass beds, mangroves, and coral reefs. Theyre primarily marine fish, although a few varieties can tolerate brackish water at times. Barracuda inhabit the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and are also commonly found in the Caribbean and Red seas. Diet Barracuda have a diverse diet, preferring small tunas, mullets, jacks, grunts, groupers, snappers, killifishes, herrings, and anchovies.  They hunt mainly by sight, scanning the water for signs of prey as they swim. Smaller fish are most visible when they reflect light and often look like shiny metal objects in the water. This, unfortunately, can lead to misunderstandings between barracuda and humans in the water. A swimmer or diver with anything reflective is likely to get an aggressive bump from a curious barracuda. The barracuda isnt interested in you, necessarily. It just wants to sample the object that looks like a shiny, silverfish. Still, its a bit unsettling to have a barracuda come barreling toward you, teeth first, so its best to remove anything reflective before getting in the water. Behavior A barracudas body is shaped like a torpedo and made for cutting through the water. This long, lean, and muscular fish is one of the fastest creatures in the sea, capable of swimming up to 35 mph. Barracuda swim almost as fast as the notoriously speedy mako sharks. Barracuda cant maintain top speed for long distances, however. The barracuda is a sprinter, capable of bursts of speed in pursuit of prey. They spend most of their time swimming slow enough to survey for food, and only accelerate when a meal is within reach; they often swim together in small or large schools. Reproduction and Offspring The timing and location of barracuda spawning are not as yet well-documented, but scientists surmise that mating takes place in deeper, offshore waters and probably in spring. Eggs are released by the female and fertilized by the male in open waters, and then are dispersed by currents.   Newly hatched barracuda larvae settle in shallow, vegetated estuaries, and leave the estuary when they have achieved a length of about 2 inches. They then stay in mangrove and seagrass habitats until they are about one year old.   Great barracuda have a lifespan of at least 14 years, and they typically reach sexual maturity at two years (male) and four years (female).   Fotosearch/Getty Images   Barracudas and Humans Because barracuda are fairly common and inhabit the same waters where people swim and dive, the chance of encountering a barracuda is quite high. But despite their proximity to people in the water, barracuda rarely attack or injure humans. Most bites occur when the barracuda mistakes a metallic object for a fish and attempts to snatch it. The barracuda isnt likely to continue biting once it realizes the object in question isnt food. Barracuda attacks are rare and almost never fatal. Those teeth will do some damage to an arm or leg, though, so victims usually require stitches. While smaller barracuda are generally safe to eat, larger barracuda can be ciguatoxic (poisonous to humans) because they consume larger fish with higher toxin loads. At the bottom of the food chain, toxic plankton known as Gambiendiscus toxicus attaches itself to algae on the coral reef. Small, herbivorous fish feed on the algae and consume the toxin, too. Larger, predatory fish prey on the small fish, and accumulate a higher concentration of the toxin in their bodies. Each successive predator accumulates more toxins. Ciguatera food poisoning is unlikely to kill you, but its not an experience youll enjoy. The biotoxins cause gastrointestinal, neurological, and cardiovascular symptoms that persist for weeks or months. Patients report hallucinations, severe muscle and joint pain, skin irritation, and even a reversal of hot and cold sensations. Unfortunately, theres no way to identify a ciguatoxin barracuda, and neither heat nor freezing can kill the fat-soluble toxins in a contaminated fish. Its best to avoid consuming large barracuda. Sources Family Sphyraenidae – Barracuda. Fishbase.org, 2012.Martin, R. Aidan. Record-Breakers: Hauling Bass. Biology of Sharks and Rays. ReefQuest Center for Shark Research, 2003.Bester, Cathleen. Sphyraena barracuda: Great Barracuda. Florida Museum, University of Florida.Lawley, Richard. Ciguatoxins. Food Safety Watch, January 30, 2013.Olander, Doug. The Perils of Ciguatera: Will your next fresh-caught fish dinner be a toxic time bomb? Sport Fishing Magazine, May 5, 2011.

A Case Study on Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Case Study on Ethics - Essay Example The case started off with Archie being injured because he was accused of killing a white police officer during downtown shootout. This case study is totally based on secondary research and some information, which was contributed, by Human Rights personnel and journalists. It was the moral duty of the officers to take Archie to the nearest hospital but they failed to fulfill their duties. Instead, the officers dragged Archie to the police station where he was brutally beaten up the officers for shooting their fellow officer. However, after that, he was admitted to hospital but in few seconds, he breathed out his last. In order to be on a safer side, officers were actively involved in destroying the X-Ray reports of Archie from hospital and even forced hospital in-charge to eradicate Archie’s name from the registration list. There were bloodstains observed in the police station but officers present there said that there was a scuffle due to which Archie feel down. Those individu als who are considered pillars of criminal justice had hid the truth behind this form of brutality. Death of Archie was reported as a homicide, which was caused due to police intervention. Police code of silence was greatly maintained within the police department by highest authorities. However, ethics was ignored in the entire case scenario even though the police officers punished that individual who had killed their fellow officer. Advisory committee of Human Rights after 3 years of thorough investigation arrived at a conclusion that Archie was murdered by police officers and respecting police code of silence a case was filed against those officers and they were suspended from their job and an out of court settlement was done for Archie’s family (Crank & Caldero, 2010). The results of this case study indicate that ethics is highly ignored even today in field of criminal

Science research project Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Science project - Research Paper Example The completely randomised design was used to remove biasness among the different income groups surveyed. From the study it was clear that the 75,000 – 100,000 income groups had the highest level of information on peak oil while least information about the same was found in income groups below 75,000. However, income group over 100,000 had little information about the same but not as little as the income group below 75,000. Generally it was concluded from the results that no relationship existed between the willingness to purchase oil and the level of awareness of peak oil, hence the null hypothesis was adopted. This study recommends a new line of research open to others interested in the same to find out the relatedness of oil prices to income at household level and its effect on the same. (Mark, 1999) There has been a considerable increase in the price of fuel all over the globe and the United States is no exception. There is therefore, a likeliness of close observation of oil and gasoline prices by the US consumers; this is because they had paid more than what they had anticipated. This research tried to shed light into the factors which were responsible for the price change, its effect on the economy and the alternatives that the consumers preferred most. This work will also provide an insight into the consumption of gasoline between the years 2006 and 2011. The uses focused majorly on industries, commercial and residential sectors. This will be helpful in describing the pattern of gas consumption in the US. Information was provided by statistical method on the past few decades’ oil production and a comparison was made to the demand over the same period. Survey monkey was used to collect data and analysis was done by Excel program to come up with the comparison between the different parameters of study (amount people are willing to pay, awareness of peak price and best alternatives

Equality, Diversity and inclusion in work with children and young people. Essay Example for Free

Equality, Diversity and inclusion in work with children and young people. Essay 1.1 How does the equality Act 2010 promote equality and diversity? Obtain your schools Equality of opportunity policy. What is its aim? Identify references to action. The Equality Act protects individuals from unfair treatment and promotes a fair more equal society. Equality and diversity is now a ‘limiting judgement’ in Ofsted inspections. This means that if equality measures are not being implemented efficiently, this will restrict the overall inspection grade. As a school, you must not discriminate against a pupil or prospective pupil because of their disability, race, sex, gender reassignment, religion or belief, or sexual orientation. The objectives at Tutshill School are that all children in our school will learn in an environment free from the effects of and without discrimination, and that the working conditions and environment of our staff and volunteers will also be free from discrimination. Tutshill C of E Primary School strives to ensure that the culture and ethos of the school are such that, whatever the heritage and origins of members of the school community, everyone is equally valued and treats one another with respect. Pupils should be provided with the opportunity to experience, understand and celebrate diversity. Tutshill School will adhere to Gloucestershire LEA’s Racial Harassment in Schools – Guidelines and make all new teachers, student teachers and ancillary staff aware of the policy. 1.2 Why is it important to support the rights of all children and young people to participation and equality of access? All children have the right to access all the opportunities which are on offer in the school provision. Each and every pupil has the right to learn and should not be discriminated against for any reason. In order for us to  achieve this we must involve the children and parents in finding out what works well in school and what doesn’t. This should be supported by high quality teaching and learning experience. I believe that involving the children in this process would make the children more confident and feel more valued within school. 1.3 How is cultural diversity valued and promoted in your school? Discuss its importance. Within Tutshill School opportunities are provided for all children to experience others cultures and ethnic backgrounds. This is promoted through literacy lessons. Every term the children I work with have a new topic for example, Greece and The Romans. With each topic they learn about their cultures such as their religion, language and the different foods they eat. The children in year four studied the Romans and did a play for the other children in assembly and also designed a menu for the whole school to try. The Year five class studied Greece and designed and made holiday brochure for display in their class room and also designed a Greek menu for the school to try. This is to ensure that the children understand and value the social and cultural diversity that could be in their own community as well as around the world. Culture can cut across nationalities and faiths and by promoting cultural diversity and the differences of individuals and groups within school will enhance a child ’s learning and promote knowledge and understanding of all pupils. Diverse cultures in schools should be acknowledged and reflected throughout the curriculum. By supporting and encouraging children to understand and accept cultural diversity will also prevent stereotyping and reduce prejudice and discrimination within schools. Most importantly, it will prepare children and young people for numerous changes that will happen in their lives as adults where they will inevitably be involved in mixing with adults of different cultures and backgrounds. Having watched the Teachers’ TV programme ‘Pride and Prejudice’, about Gypsy, Roma and Traveller children, comment on the following. 2.1 What prejudices do these groups face? Gypsy, Roma and Traveller children face many prejudices throughout their lives. They are not considered part of the community that they live in and often come up against racism, stereotyping, discrimination and abuse not only from other children but adults as well. 2.2 What impact does this have on traveller C/YP? The impact that racism, stereotyping and discrimination have on the children is that they fall out of school or are taken out of school at an early age. Majority of traveller children tend to leave school or are taken out of school at the end of primary level as they find the transition into secondary school a difficult one due to other children and teachers bulling them and having little knowledge or understanding of their culture. The remainder of the children do not often make it past year 9. 2.3/2.4 How have schools tackled prejudice to raise attendance and attainment? Schools have tackled these prejudices by increasing other people’s knowledge about these minority groups. For Example: †¢Celebrate their culture. †¢Looking at the history of the travellers. †¢Increasing awareness of their heritage by having day trips to the Romany life centre. †¢Traveller children making a booklet to educate teachers and pupils, about their religion and how and where they live. †¢Showing the pupils a film about travellers about their skills and how they made a living. To raise attendance and attainment schools have been flexible with rules regarding attendance rates and given extra support especially just before SAT’s. The most important thing I feel is that they treated each and every child the same. 3.1 Explain what is meant by ‘inclusion’? Inclusion means to be fully included, to make people feel valued and respected irrespective of ethnicity, gender, disability, culture, age, religion and sexual orientation. It is about giving equal access and opportunities to everyone. 3.2/3.3 Provide 3 or 4 examples of inclusive practices in your classroom/school. During my time at Tutshill School I have witnessed and been part of several inclusive practices. Example 1. Within year 4 we have a student who is Chinese. During the Chinese New-year SL brought in sweets for everyone so we could celebrate the Chinese new-year with her. She then had time to talk to the class about what she did during their celebrations. Example 2. Throughout each classroom and the school there are displays of children’s work. All abilities are displayed, so the children can see and understand that just because their work may not be the neatest or always correct it will still get to be displayed. Example 3. During P.E all children will be included, whether they have a lower ability or any medical issues. The games that they are playing will be adapted if needed to so that every child has the opportunity to participate.